On December 8, 1967, the Indian Navy priced its first submarine at Rs. Purchased at a price of Rs 15 crore. The submarine was originally from the Russian Foxtrot class, but was named "INS Calvary" in the Navy after being named according to our Department of Defense system. (Kalwari = tiger shark in the sea floor). This first diesel-electric submarine patrolled Indian waters in the Navy for almost three decades. After a long tenure, when he finally retired on May 31, 1996, most of the structure of the submarine collapsed, but the observation room, known as the Conning Tower, was preserved on the shores of Visakhapatnam. It is a pity that the memory is slowly fading today. At one point, the last remnants of that submarine, battling the plains, took time. Of course, not only figuratively, it sounds real. Moist, moist winds from the sea in Visakhapatnam made INS
Cut the steel of the Cunningham Tower of Calvary. Fine streaks of molten steel disappear daily,
So the memory of India's first submarine is slowly fading. If a cover of nine cavalrymen is forgotten in history, another calvary has arrived in the Indian Navy last month to make another history. This brand new submarine has been named 'INS Kalwari' in memory of the first submarine of the year 1967. However, there is a big difference between the two. The first culture belonged to the Russian Foxtrot class, the second to the French Scorpion class. French. According to the design, it was built by Indian engineers at Mazgaon dock for 6 consecutive years and now it has been sent for sea tests on May 2, 2016. The Indian Navy has finally breathed a sigh of relief as it awaits the arrival of extra-modern submarines in its fleet, as a new submarine arrives in the Navy for the first time in 15 years. FYI: Not a single new submarine was purchased after the Russian Kilo 'Indushastra' joined the Navy in the year 2000. According to the latest figures, the Indian Navy currently has a total of 13 submarines, 11 of which are more than 20 years old. In this too, 8 Russian Kilo (Sindhughosh ’) submarines are 27 years old. Given the fact that the average sewer of a submarine is ideally 3 years old, eight submarines are eligible for retirement, while the remaining six are close to retirement in the near future. Under these circumstances, India has to deploy a fleet of new submarines as soon as possible. INS Kalwari, built at Mazgaon Dockyard, is the first of its kind in this direction.
Scorpion: Too late, too expensive
To build a total of 6 French-built scorpion submarines through technology transfer, India had invested Rs. 18,606 crore. The Indian government had to pay in euros. It would have been better if the Department of Defense had signed a written agreement with DCNS at the same time (in 2002). Was. Who knows why, but the government did not do that important work for three years. The Scorpin deal stalled. By the time the government got a chance to draft the deal in October 2009, the euro-dollar had appreciated against the rupee, so the bill for eight submarines was Rs. 2.5 crore Given the new exchange rate, India will have to pay Rs 12.5 crore to DCNS. It would have been better if India had paid on time, but the deadline came back on this deal. Some delay was made by India, then it was the turn of France. For some reason, the French company DCNo delayed the transfer of technology. As time went on, spending in India continued to rise, including interest deficits. Finally, the total budget is Rs. 12,800 crore - Rs. 4,16 crore. The deal documents were signed, but the submarine construction project began (four years later) more than expected. The construction of the first scorpion was slow due to lack of technical facilities in Mumbai's Mazgaon dockyard. Although the year of delivery was scheduled for 2016, the first submarine was built at the end of 2016 and was floated for testing last month i.e. May 6, 2018. Named ‘INS Kalwari’, the scorpion is expected to join the Navy fleet in a few months, but there is no estimate yet as to when the remaining five scorpions will be available for the Navy. All five are under construction - and there has been a good deal of delays. The stubborn attitude of the Government of India has been attributed to the delay in everything from the construction of the submarine to the deal. It insists that weapons be manufactured only by public sector (government-owned) entities, which have been endangering national security for years. We should outsource the design and production of weapons to the private sector, as private companies in the United States make a wide variety of sophisticated weapons on a competitive basis, but the government does not want to lose the authority (and arrogance of power) of more than three dozen government units. Is. As a result, if we talk about submarines, India, which has a coastline of about 7,500 km, should have at least 30 submarines today, but only 13 instead.
AIP system like submarine lifeline
Against this, what is the muscle power of a submarine in the navigation of our neighboring enemy countries? We have a fleet of 21 Chinese submarines, but even against Pakistan, India is a little raw.
Seems. In terms of submarines (especially in terms of technology), Pakistan is heavier than India.
Pakistan has three state-of-the-art French Agosta-90B class submarines that can conduct continuous maneuvers in the Mediterranean for 6 days without refueling. (Duration of non-stop duty of Scorpion i.e. INS Calvary: 90 days). The Pakistan Navy also has two Agosa-70 class submarines. Six more Chinese-built submarines are set to join the Navy soon, but that is a matter of the future. Discussing the current situation, the submarine that needs to be mentioned here is the Augusta-90B.
Pakistan has dubbed it 'Khalid', this submarine is equipped with Air-Independent Propulsion, AIP system, not a single Indian submarine has that facility - not even in the recent state-of-the-art 'INS Kalwari', which is considered a major borrowing factor. Should, AIP This is the lifeline system for submarines. In short, it makes sense that modern submarines are mostly diesel-powered. In peak times (and even in times of war when there is no risk of exposure) they spend a good amount for sailing on water. The submarine's diesel engine is still running. The propeller rotates with the engine and the battery is also charged. After the submarine is submerged, Sagarpetal embarks on a battery-powered voyage. Submarines do not have oxygen supplied air to burn diesel below sea level. Oxygen in the sealed environment is so valuable at that time that it is not even added to the kitchen of the submarine. The diesel engine stays off, so the submarine's propeller shoot rotates the battery's power supply. Battery life is limited to a certain time frame, which not only causes the submarine to land on a sharp surface, but also draws natural air and runs it on an open surface with the help of a diesel engine until the battery is full. Does not charge properly. At such times the submarine carries the risk of coming in contact with enemy patrol planes, helicopters, destroyers and frigates. The submarine shoulder hidden at the bottom of the sea is as dangerous as the leopard, but the same submarine is Luli and the helpless duck after being present on the surface of the water. Pakistan's 'Khalid' does not have to risk coming to the surface for some time, as France has built its engine with an air-independent propulsion AIP system. After the dive, Khalid does not start pulling the voltage of his battery. Rather, it runs the diesel engine on liquid oxygen. Naturally, diesel always needs oxygen in the form of gas for combustion. This is the first such conversion of pressurized liquid oxygen in a cylinder in Khalid's engine room. On an average 1 cubic meter of liquid is converted into 80 cubic meters of air. The gaseous oxygen is back to be purified, so the diesel engine can run on every stroke even when it gets a much lower supply than normal air. An added benefit is that Khalid's sailors do not seem to lack enough oxygen to breathe. As a result, the Indian Navy's diesel-powered submarine can stay at sea for five consecutive days, while the Pakistan Navy's 'Khalid' can spend 30 consecutive days in the water. These four times the difference has reduced the strength of the Pakistan Navy compared to India. An important point to note here is that when India decided to build a new submarine in 2007, Russia quoted two and a half times less than scorpions for its Amur class submarines. Russia - BrahMos missile was then becoming a majestic undertaking of India. Russia has offered to equip Amur submarines with anti-ship BrahMos that can be launched underwater. (Today the Navy is deploying BrahMos). In addition, Russia was ready to fit the AIP system in each Amur. India benefited from that bumper. The government knows why, but the expensive French scorpion was chosen because the Navy wanted to buy some type of long-range missile, which could only be launched through a Scorpion tube. In short, Scorpin's alternatives were specific types of anti-ship missiles at the center. In addition, the Navy dropped missiles and made a deal with the French Exoset-39 missiles, which had a smaller range. He also took delivery of Exoset 39. Those missiles were falling into the six gates of the Navy, as not a single scorpion had yet formed. Meanwhile, the two-year warranty period of the Coset-39 has expired. How careless! Think about the extent to which India lost its head for the Scorpion deal? First, an additional payment of Rs 2,171 crore had to be made due to delay in the deal. The submarine that was found after paying this price lacks the AIP system. The third disadvantage was that the deal for long-range missiles was not completed. Now get ready for the fourth blow.
A torpedo caught in the Katki scam
The Scorpion (i.e. 'INS Calvary') has six 21 "diameter torpedo tubes for enemy warships as well as submarines, which can fire from a total of 12 black shark type 5.4 m (21 ft) long torpedoes. It can launch two anti-ship exhaust missiles with a maximum range of 20 km. Exosat is already in the Navy's arsenal, but the Black Shark is in stock, isn't it? No. India had a deal with Italian WASS worth Rs 15 million OO crore in 2012. The deal is currently limited, as WASS's parent company is Leonardo Finmeccanica, the same Italian arms manufacturer that India bribed in the Augusta Westland helicopter deal. The scandal has been hotly debated in the media for some time, though little is known about the background. The President of India, as well as other VVIs. Rs 2,600 crore with Leonardo Finmeccanica of Italy to buy helicopters Bargained. Leonardo Finmeccanica is said to have paid Rs 50 crore to some Indian politicians as well as senior Air Force officials, in return for which he received a large sum. The Indian government cut off the administration of Leonardo Finmeccanica and all its subsidiaries after the scandal ended over time and was the subject of heated debate in the Houses of Parliament. Break did all the arms deals. WASS, the maker of the Black Shark torpedo, also got the number, so the delivery of the Scorpion class 'INS Calvary' torpedo was delayed. The torpedo is the main weapon of the submarine, without which it would never go out for a consignment. The torpedo used in naval wars for years may seem a bit technically similar to other high-tech weapons, but its importance is of its own kind. Italian black shark torpedoes are not in vogue. Wire-guided, which after leaving, its contact with the launcher submarine remains through the wire of the optical fiber. It is important to understand why wiring is needed for guidance. The torpedo must be long-range, if it is to target the enemy at a distance of several kilometers without an attack. This type of torpedo is also heavyweight, so its engine itself makes so much noise that its sensors cannot detect sound waves generated by the engine of an enemy warship or submarine. Determining the direction of the goal becomes almost impossible for him. So they had to send a command through the wire and give guidance. This tactical game is like a video game. The sonar machine of the launcher submarine or warship has determined the exact direction of the target. At the same time there is constant monitoring of the torpedo, which moves towards the target. Two dots are displayed on the computer screen of the fire control system. The submarine operator only has to collect them by command - whatever happens, the target pearl has been pierced! The strike rate of a conventional torpedo is 20% to 30%. Whereas in 90% of cases the target of the wire-guided torpedo does not go away. Also, the optical fiber cable of the Black Shark Torpedo is 30 km long, so it is not difficult to hit the farthest target. The problem is the same: the black shark torpedo of the Italian WASS company, which has been blacklisted due to corruption, is not likely to be available in the near future. An indigenously built torpedo called Varunastra, which could be used as an alternative to black sharks, is still under development and testing. Over the years, his project has been in full swing. No one knows when the moment of completion will come. Meanwhile, the first Scorpion-class submarine, INS Culture, will join the Navy's fleet without its main and most lethal weapon, the torpedo. Corruption of Rs 360 crore in the procurement of Augusta Westland helicopters has turned an existing submarine worth Rs 3,133 crore into a toothpick.
0 Comments